Pretreatment of Marasmius sp. on Biopulping of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
White rot fungi have an ability to degrade lignin by employing lignin-degrading enzymes i.e Lignin Peroxidase, Manganese Peroxidase and Laccase. Therefore, the fungi can be utilized on the pretreatment of biomass in pulp making (biopulping) and biobleaching. In this study, the pretreatment using White Rot Fungi of Marasmius sp. has been conducted on the the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFBs). Marasmius sp. has been grown on EFBs for 30 days. The results showed that the lignin content could be removed by 35.94%. However, cellulose and hemicelluloses relatively did not show any changes in the EFBs. From the pulping process, the pretreatment exhibited the Kappa Number of 31.10. Compared to no pretreatment of white rot fungi, the Kappa Number obtained was 38.63. This result demonstrated a promising process for a green pulp making.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".