Creep of compacted recycled asphalt pavement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) can be beneficially used as fill in the construction of earth structures such as embankments and retaining structures. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the creep response of compacted RAP under sustained deviatoric stresses. Constant stress, consolidated-drained triaxial tests were performed on 100 mm diameter, compacted RAP specimens at multiple confining stresses and deviator stress levels. The test data displayed classic creep behavior, with clearly identifiable primary and secondary creep observed in all specimens. Tertiary creep and creep rupture were observed in specimens tested at larger deviator stress levels. The creep response of RAP was significant at confining pressures less than about 272 kPa, while the creep response was less severe at larger confining pressures. Upper yield stress levels, representing the deviator stress levels below which creep rupture does not occur, were identified and shown to be confining stress dependent. In general, the creep potential of RAP is significant and should be considered in design. The developed creep models can be used to predict the time-dependent deformation of earth structures utilizing RAP backfill.Key words: creep, recycled asphalt pavement, time-dependent behavior, rupture.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".