Prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus persistency in 12 Holstein cattle dairy herds of Charlottetown, Canada.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) persistency was examined in 12 Holstein dairy herds in Charlottetown, Canada, from Feb. 2009 to Oct. 2009. A total of 469 serum and ear notch biopsy pairs were collected. Depending upon the age and vaccination status, the sampled animals were divided into three groups, A, B1 and B2. Group A consisted of 146 animals originating from 4 herds (≤ 6 month of age, FN1, FN2, FN3, FN4), group B1 comprised 267 animals representing 5 vaccinated herds against BVDV (≥ 6 months of age, FV1, FV2, FV3, FV4, FV5), whereas, 56 samples were taken from 3 BVDV non-vaccinated herds of group B2 (≥ 6 months of age, FN5, FN6, FN7). All the animals were pre-screened through serum neutralization test (SNT), whereas, all ear notch biopsies of group A (n =146) and only of those animals of group B1 (n = 15) and B2 (n = 37) which had SN titer ≤ 1:64 were processed to confirm the BVDV persistent infection. Only five animals were found positive originating from group A (n = 3) and B1 (n = 2) during first sampling. Upon follow up testing, two animals from each of group A and B1 remained positive confirming persistent infection (PI). A prevalence of 0.85% and 2.03% was observed in all the collected and pre screened animals, respectively. The results obtained in this study, demonstrates that the prevalence of PI animals in dairy herds of Prince Edward Island is similar to that, reported from other surveys carried out in other countries. This prevalence PI animals with BVDV in Holstein dairy herds of Charlottetown, Canada, reveal the necessity of further studying BVDV infection in the area.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".