Thermo-Solutal Convection in Water Isopropanol Mixtures in the Presence of Soret Effect
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present study, the onset of thermo-solutal convection in a liquid layer overlaying a porous layer where the system is being laterally heated is investigated. The non-linear two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, the energy equation, the mass balance equation and the continuity equation are solved for the liquid layer and the Brinkman model is used for the porous layer. The partial differential equations are solved numerically using the finite element technique. Two different cases are analyzed in this study. In the case of the thermo-solutal convection without thermodiffusion or Soret effect, multi-convective cells appear in the liquid layer and as the thickness of the liquid layer decreases (i. e. higher thickness ratio), the flow covers the entire cavity. In the presence of Soret effect, it has been found that the isopropanol component goes either towards the hot or cold walls depending on the Soret sign.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".