Testing scintillation transport models with photoelectron yields measured under different surface finishes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The UNIFIED, POLISH, and GROUND surface models of the optical photon transport program DETECT are tested for their capacity to predict the photoelectron yields measured with crystals of different surface finishes and reflective coats. Here, two BGO crystals of 5.6/spl times/12.8/spl times/29.7 mm, with respectively a polished and a corrugated surface finish are considered. Stylus profilometer scans are first taken to quantify their surface roughness. The crystals are then prepared in three different surface coat configurations to subsequently measure the photoelectron yield collected when they are excited by a beam of 511 keV photons. These measurements are used to confront the models' predictions on absolute ground. The results indicate that the transport of scintillation photons internally trapped within the volume of a highly polished crystal is well accounted for. However, significant discrepancies are noted between simulations and measurements when considering a corrugated finish or when the surface is coated by a diffuse reflector. Possible explanations are discussed and call for further investigations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".