Video-assisted thoracoscopic division of the ligamentum arteriosum in two dogs with persistent right aortic arch
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A n 18-week-old sexually intact female mixed-breed dog (dog 1) was referred to the Western College of Veterinary Medicine for surgical correction of a persistent right aortic arch.Physical examination revealed that the dog was thin and weighed 8 kg (17.6 lb).An inspissated nasal discharge that was consistent with a history of chronic regurgitation and nasal reflux was detected.Complete blood count, BUN concentration, and urine specific gravity were within reference ranges.An esophageal contrast study performed by the referring veterinarian revealed that the esophagus was dilated in the cranial mediastinum; the dilatation tapered abruptly at the heart base.Thoracic radiographs taken prior to surgery revealed no evidence of pneumonia.Hydromorphone (0.2 mg/kg [0.09 mg/lb] of body weight, IM) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg, IM) were used for sedation, and propofol (4 mg/kg [1.8 mg/lb], IV) was used for induction of anesthesia.Routine endotracheal intubation and anesthetic maintenance by administration of isoflurane (1.5%) and oxygen was performed.A pressure-cycled ventilator set at a peak inspiratory pressure of 15 cm of water to maintain endtidal PCO 2 at 40 to 50 mm Hg was used when thoracotomy was performed.Cefazolin (22 mg/kg [10 mg/lb], IV) was given every 2 hours during surgery and every 8 hours for 24 hours.The dog was placed in right lateral recumbency and draped to include the left thorax and cranial aspect of the flank.The scapula and adjacent intercostal spaces were identified.A 1-cm skin incision was made at the fifth intercostal space near the costochondral junction.The cutaneous trunci, latissimus dorsi, and intercostal muscles were subsequently incised, and a Rochester-Carmalt hemostatic forceps was used to enter the thoracic cavity.A 10-mm rigid cannula was placed through this opening, and a 0 o thoracoscope
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".