Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of High-Molecular-Weight Proteins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent developments in NMR spectroscopy, which include new experiments that increase the lifetimes of NMR signals or that precisely define the orientation of internuclear bond vectors with respect to a common molecular frame, have significantly increased the size of proteins for which quantitative structural and dynamic information can be obtained. These experiments have, in turn, benefited from new labeling strategies that continue to drive the field. The utility of the new methodology is illustrated by considering applications to malate synthase G, a 723 residue enzyme, which is the largest single polypeptide chain for which chemical shift assignments have been obtained to date. New experiments developed specifically to address the complexity and low sensitivity of spectra recorded on this protein are presented. A discussion of the chemical information that is readily available from studies of systems in the 100 kDa mol wt range is included. Prospects for membrane protein structure determination are discussed briefly in the context of an application to an Escherichia coli enzyme, PagP, localized to the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".