An extended thermodynamic model of transient heat conduction at sub-continuum scales
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A thermodynamic description of transient heat conduction at small length and timescales is proposed. It is based on extended irreversible thermodynamics and the main feature of this formalism is to elevate the heat flux vector to the status of independent variable at the same level as the classical variable, the temperature. The present model assumes the coexistence of two kinds of heat carriers: diffusive and ballistic phonons. The behaviour of the diffusive phonons is governed by a Cattaneo-type equation to take into account the high-frequency phenomena generally present at nanoscales. To include non-local effects that are dominant in nanostructures, it is assumed that the ballistic carriers are obeying a Guyer–Krumhansl relation. The model is applied to the problem of transient heat conduction through a thin nanofilm. The numerical results are compared with those provided by Fourier, Cattaneo and other recent models.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".