Guava Leaf Extracts Inhibit 3T3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation Via Activating AMPK
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The guava tree (psidium guajava linn.) is commonly used not only as food but also as folk medicine. In our previous studies, we showed that oral administration of guava leaf extracts (GLE) had beneficial anti-obesity effects using metabolic syndrome model rats. However, we did not clarify molecular mechanism by which GLE administration leads to anti-obesity effect. This study was designed to evaluate the mechanism of anti-obesity by GLE using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cell lines. We found that GLE significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation via down-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and markers. Mitotic clonal expansion, which is essential for adipose differentiation, was also depressed in the early phase. Interestingly, GLE increased the phosphorylation of AMPK on 3T3-L1 cells and, by pretreatment with AMPK siRNA, the GLE treatment group showed restored adipocyte differentiation. In conclusion, these results showed that GLE is capable of inhibiting adipocyte differentiation via AMPK activation and therefore it may prevent obesity in vivo.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it