Experts Valuating the Climate Change Policies in Greece: Self-Interested Versus Ethically Motivated Values
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding and estimating the climate change costs has been in focus of the scientific community in the last years, whereas several studies are dealing with this challenging issue. In this context, the present paper aims at valuating the climate change mitigation and adaptation measures in Greece. To achieve that, we carried out a contingent valuation survey. In addition it explores the coexistence of ethically motivated values and self-interested values held by Greek climate experts, a condition in economics underlying the existence of the “Bergson-Tintner-Samuelson (BTS) value formulation effect”. This is an experimental attempt in recent valuation literature and carries significant implications for the valuation issue and its policy implications. The results indicate that ethically motivated values of crucial environmental functions such as climate far exceed the individualistic ones. Furthermore, the coexistence of public ethically-based values alongside self-interested ones supports earlier findings in the literature and indicates that solely self-interested individual values do not reflect the real welfare contribution of crucial environmental functions and, therefore, should not form the exclusive guide for environmental policy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".