Periovulatory Increases in Tissue Homing Potential of Circulating CD56<sup>bright</sup>Cells Are Associated with Fertile Menstrual Cycles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CD56(bright) lymphocytes appear in the uterus 3-5 d after ovulation coincident with the onset of stromal cell decidualization. Although the source of these uterine immune cells is not defined, a subset of blood CD56(bright) cells exhibits enhanced capacity to adhere to decidual vascular endothelium during the periovulatory period of menstrual cycles. In this study, the effects of early pregnancy on the adhesive capacity of CD56(bright) cells to bind uterine substrates were examined in a time-course study of 18 infertile women undergoing natural cycles before transfer of frozen/thawed embryos and 18 infertile women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. There were three pregnancies in the natural cycle group and seven in the hormone-stimulated cohort. Hormone levels, and number and quality of transferred embryos were similar between pregnant and nonpregnant cycles. However, the adhesive function of CD56(bright) cells increased before ovulation in hormone-treated women who became pregnant and before embryo transfer in naturally cycling women who became pregnant. This pattern of incremental adhesion, which was less frequently observed in unsuccessful cycles, suggests a role for NK cells in implantation. These results support the idea that temporal control of NK cell homing to the uterine microenvironment is a prerequisite to pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".