Improvement of Cell Opening by Maintaining a High Temperature Difference in the Surface and Core of a Foam Extrudate
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents an extrusion-based, open-cell foaming process using thermoplastic polymers such as polystyrene (PS) and polycarbonate (PC) with supercritical CO 2 . Our previous studies have indicated that a cell opening can be promoted by inducing: (i) a nonhomogeneous melt structure by cross-linking, polymer blending, or filler compounding, (ii) cell-wall thinning by a high volume expansion ratio while maintaining soft cell walls, (iii) cell-wall thinning by a high cell-population density, and (iv) plasticization of the soft region of the cell walls with a secondary blowing agent. Until now, the foam extrudate temperature across the cross-section was maintained uniformly for the simplicity of the experiments. In this study, the significant temperature difference between the core and surface of the foam extrudate was induced by surface cooling method. This method increased the chance of cell opening by: (i) increasing the core temperature of the foam extrudate and thereby softening the cell walls, and (ii) decreasing the foam surface temperature to prevent gas loss and thereby increasing the internal gas pressure within the cells. The effects of CO 2 content, surface quenching, die geometry, and temperature on foam morphologies were investigated. Low-density, microcellular, open-cell foams were successfully produced. The large intercellular pores were observed from micrographs for both PS and PC foams at optimum processing conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it