Lessons Learned from Indonesia's Attempts to Reform Fossil-Fuel Subsidies
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Part of the GSI’s series of “Lessons Learned” case studies of attempt to reform subsidies in Brazil, France, Ghana, India, Poland and Senegal. This report reviews the history of fuel subsidies in Indonesia and focuses on the performance of two policies that have been used to support reform. The first is the Bantuan Langsun Tunai (BLT), an unconditional cash transfer program used to help cushion low-income households from price increases in 2005 and 2008. The second program, begun in 2007, aims to make low-income households use liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) instead of kerosene, as it is cheaper to subsidize, cleaner and more efficient. The report concludes that both these policies appear to have contributed towards the Indonesian government's reform objectives.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it