A Compact Multiband Monopole Antenna With a Defected Ground Plane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A compact multiband antenna is proposed that consists of a printed circular disc monopole antenna with an L-shaped slot cut out of the ground, forming a defected ground plane. Analysis of the current distribution on the antenna reveals that at low frequencies the addition of the slot creates two orthogonal current paths, which are responsible for two additional resonances in the response of the antenna. By virtue of the orthogonality of these modes the antenna exhibits orthogonal pattern diversity, while enabling the adjacent resonances to be merged, forming a wideband low-frequency response and maintaining the inherent wideband high-frequency response of the monopole. The antenna exhibits a measured -10 dBS11bandwidth of 600 MHz from 2.68 to 3.28 GHz, and a bandwidth of 4.84 GHz from 4.74 to 9.58 GHz, while the total size of the antenna is only 24 times 28.3 mm. The efficiency is measured using a modified Wheeler cap method and is verified using the gain comparison method to be approximately 90% at both 2.7 and 5.5 GHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".