ABC Transporter Genes and Methotrexate Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background/Aim: The anticancer potential of indomethacin and diclofenac has been reported against several types of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the enhancement effect of a coumaric acid derivative found in some Piper plants, N-trans-p-coumaroyltyramine (TCT) on indomethacin and diclofenac cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 and mitoxantrone-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/MX) cancer cells were treated with indomethacin or diclofenac in the presence of TCT for 48 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial function and signaling proteins were assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Hoechst 33342, tetramethyl-rhodamine-ethyl-ester and western blot analysis, respectively. Results: Combination treatment resulted in significant reduction of cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas the ratio of BCL2-associated X, apoptosis regulator to BCL2 apoptosis regulator, and apoptosis increased. The enhancing effect of TCT was related to reduced nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 expression, and increased activation of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP homologous protein signaling pathways. Conclusion: TCT in combination with indomethacin or diclofenac promoted endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".