Improved coherency-based wide-band equivalents for real time digital simulators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary form only given. This paper introduces an approach which enables very large power systems to be modeled on real time electromagnetic transients (EMT) digital simulators. This is achieved using an improved wide-band multi-port equivalent, which reduces a large power network into a small manageable equivalent model that preserves wideband behaviors. The low frequency or electromechanical transients are captured with a Transient Stability Analysis (TSA) type electromechanical equivalent derived using coherency based reduction techniques. The high frequency behavior is accurately captured by placing in parallel with the TSA equivalent, a passive Frequency Dependant Network Equivalent (FDNE). The validity of the proposed technique is demonstrated by comparing the approach with detailed electromagnetic simulations of a modified version of the New England 39 Bus Test System that includes an HVDC infeed. The power of the method is demonstrated by the real-time electromagnetic transient simulation of a large 2300 bus 139 generator system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".