Domestic Violence in South Asian Communities in the GTA: Critical Perspectives of Community Activists and Service Providers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Domestic violence can be said to exist because of the creation of what Razack terms a “violent space” (2003, p. 20). This space may be erected within marriage not only because of the patriarchal nature of a culture, but also because of the numerous ways women are marginalized by the dominant culture, and their lack of formal or informal support networks (Razack, 2003). This article complicates this understanding of violent space by highlighting the structural and institutional violence South Asian families experience as racialized immigrants in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) of Canada. This article illuminates circumstances in which the violent space of home and community become a place of shelter, acceptance and identity. The article argues for the need for incorporating a critical analysis and a response to structural and institutional violence and its impact on women while addressing domestic violence in South Asian communities in the GTA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.015 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.046 | 0.044 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.015 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.014 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.016 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".