Ravishment, Legal Narratives, and Chivalric Culture in Fifteenth-Century England
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
L ate medieval English legal definitions of ravishment are puzzling to us, both because they conflated categories we would think of as separateforced coition, abduction, and elopement-and because both the law on abduction and rape and its application in practice were confusing and inconsistent. 1 Even the word "ravishment" and its verbal forms, along with the Latin raptus, were used to mean what seem to us quite different things: ravishment could mean abduction or taking away with no sexual violation implied-children could be ravished by parents in custody disputes, for instance, and thieves could ravish goods. It could also, however, denote or imply the carrying away of a woman in order to violate her sexually, what we would call rape, often (but not always) in the context of a coerced marriage. 2
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it