Deficiency of carboxylesterase 1/esterase-x results in obesity, hepatic steatosis, and hyperlipidemia
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Increased lipogenesis, together with hyperlipidemia and increased fat deposition, contribute to obesity and associated metabolic disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Here we show that carboxylesterase 1/esterase-x (Ces1/Es-x) plays a regulatory role in hepatic fat metabolism in the mouse. We demonstrate that Ces1/Es-x knockout mice present with increased hepatic lipogenesis and with oversecretion of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins (hepatic very-low density lipoproteins), which leads to hyperlipidemia and increased fat deposition in peripheral tissues. Consequently, Ces1/Es-x knockout mice develop obesity, fatty liver, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin insensitivity on chow diet without change in food intake and present with decreased energy expenditure. Ces1/Es-x deficiency prevents the release of polyunsaturated fatty acids from triacylglycerol stores, leading to an up-regulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c-mediated lipogenesis, which can be reversed with dietary ω-3 fatty acids. CONCLUSION: These studies support a role for Ces1/Es-x in the partitioning of regulatory fatty acids and concomitant control of hepatic lipid biosynthesis, secretion, and deposition.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it