A Peak Detector for Multi-Rate Phase Locked Loop and Sequence Detector Combination for Utility AC Power Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Synchronization is of concern in AC power systems. Existing synchronization algorithms are hardware intensive. A single phase synchronization scheme referred to as a multi-rate phase locked loop (MPLL) has been reported. The stability of the MPLL is influenced by amplitude variations. An amplitude estimation module based on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm and an automatic gain control (AGC) are employed to decouple amplitude variations from phase variations. The implementation of the FFT-based amplitude-estimator is complex and hardware intensive. A peak detector module that utilizes only two multiplexers and one comparator is proposed to replace the FFT-based amplitude-estimator. A real-time positive sequence detector is also combined with the MPLL in order to allow process of the three-phase signals. The overall system is implemented and compared for both FFT-based and peak detector approaches and indicates a 60 dB immunity to impulse noise and harmonic contamination and a 20 dB dynamic range
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".