Diagnosis of renovascular disease using doppler-color sonography and echo-enhancer 5H U 508A through captopril test
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Angiography is the gold standard in the detection of renovascular disease but it is an invasive test which would cause damage. The goal of this study is to assess the best value of quantitative and qualitative analysis on color-Doppler sonographic (D) enhanced waveforms obtained before and after administration of captopril in patients suspected on having renovascular hypertension. On the basis of a cross-sectional, double blind study to evaluate diagnostic test, 133 patients (64f, 69m) mean age 64±13y were studied, within two years, with transrenal D with a substance (5H U 508A-Levovist®-) which is able to enhance 20 db the D signal. In the same day a second D was made 60 min after captopril 50 mg V.O. All patients undergone to renal angiography within three months. All studies were read independently by two blindly observers. Specific criteria for D waveforms patterns were applied, including abnormal early systolic peak (ESP) and its morphology (MORPH) tardus et parvus with 6 weveform types, resistive index (RI), differential velocity of systolic rise (IA), acceleration time of systolic rise (AT) and the observer diagnosis (REDS) when the data were no conclusive. These criteria were then correlated with angiography in patients with or without renal artery stenosis >50%. We obtained echographic records from 133 patients (258 kidneys) 39 of them (29%) had stenosis > 50% (53 kidneys). Only in one kidney was not possile to obtain enough spectral data. RI did not shown any difference between groups. The table shows the statistical differences of these patterns. We conclude that captopril test plus enhanced doppler sonography signal improve the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis using ultra-sonography patterns, therefore it would be a better method for noninvasive screening. Renal artery stenosis > 50% Renal artery stenosis > 50%
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".