Induction of Cross‐Reactive Antibodies by Immunization of Healthy Adults with Types Ia and Ib Group B Streptococcal Polysaccharide–Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccines
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Types Ia and Ib group B streptococcal (GBS) capsular polysaccharides (PSs) are structural isomers but are antigenically distinct. Immunization of healthy adults with GBS type Ia PS-tetanus toxoid (Ia-TT) or Ib-TT glycoconjugate vaccines induced > or = 4-fold increases in specific immunoglobulin G to the heterologous PS in more than two-thirds of subjects. Ib-TT vaccine-induced IgG bound with substantially higher affinity to homologous (Ib) than to heterologous (Ia) PS and promoted opsonophagocytic killing of GBS type Ib but not type Ia organisms. The failure of the Ib-TT- and Ia-TT-induced human antibodies to kill bacteria of the cross-reactive serotype contrasts with the results of previous studies in animals. Inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays demonstrated that Ib-TT-induced IgG to the homologous PS bound mainly to native Ib PS, whereas the cross-reactive antibodies recognized both native and derivative PSs. These results indicate that GBS Ia and Ib PSs should be included in a multivalent conjugate vaccine to prevent GBS disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".