Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we propose a SLAM framework which is based on an algorithm that combines an unscented particle filter (UPF) and unscented Kalman filters (UKFs). A UPF is used to estimate robot's poses and the UKFs are used to represent landmark positions. UPF can estimate robot poses more consistently and accurately than generic particle filters (PFs), especially when models are highly non-linear or noises are not Gaussian. UKF can update landmarks more accurately compared to popular EKF's when highly non-linear observation models are used. In addition, our algorithm avoids the calculation of the Jacobian for both motion model and the observation model, which could be extremely difficult for high order systems. The calculation cost of a UPF is on the same order of magnitude as a particle filter (PF), which uses Kalman filters to generate proposal distributions, and the calculation cost of a UKF is equivalent to an EKF. As a result, our SLAM framework is more accurate than other popular SLAM frameworks while its efficiency is maintained. Simulation results are shown to validate the performance goals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".