Subsurface temperature maxima in the Labrador Sea and the subpolar North Atlantic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deep and shallow subsurface temperature maxima (Tmax) in the Labrador Sea are found to be the result of anomalous freshwater input during past decades in particular during the early 1990s. The deep Tmax is associated with a specific water mass imported into the Labrador Sea. The shallow Tmax is of local origin and created by anomalous heat input in 1999, not eroded by surface buoyancy forcing in recent years. Both are associated with stability maxima: the deep Tmax is a barrier for maximum convection depth, the shallow Tmax separates the water in a layer ventilated by overturning and a layer modified through lateral fluxes only. The shallow Tmax is exported into the subpolar gyre. A complementary shallow Tmax in the Greenland Sea suggest a concerted response of deep convection regions to anomalous freshwater input: diminished vertical mixing and dominance of lateral heat/salt fluxes underneath Tmax, shallow convection above it.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".