Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 70-MHz-11-GHz balanced up-converter circuit is described. HEMTs (high electron mobility transistors) were found to be very suitable for this application due to their high gain at 11 GHz. The measured results show 7-dBm, 1-dB gain compression point, 15-dBm third-order intercept point, 3-dB conversion gain, and 35-dB LO (local oscillator) suppression. In a linearized mode the up-converter exhibited IMR (intermodulation ratio) of better than -40 dBc up to 0 dBm single-tone output level. A diode up-converter IMR of -40 dBc typically has at -6 dBm output level (single tone). The HEMT up-converter operates with the same linearity at a 6-dB-higher level as the diode up-converter for the same LO drive. The higher linear output level is important for digital QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) radio applications, as the gain of the transmitter power amplifier can be correspondingly reduced.>
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".