Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor and its types 1 and 2 receptors by leptin in rats subjected to treadmill running-induced stress
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the long-term effects of subchronic elevation of central leptin levels on the expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and its types 1 and 2 receptors in the brain of rats subjected to treadmill running-induced stress. PBS or recombinant murine leptin was infused continuously for a period of 5 days into the third ventricle of rats with the aid of osmotic minipumps at a delivery rate of 2 mug/day. On the fifth day of infusion, rats were killed under resting conditions or after a session of treadmill running, which is known to induce a stress response in rats. Leptin treatment significantly decreased food intake, body weight, white adipose tissue weight, glucose and insulin plasma contents, and blunted the treadmill running-induced elevation in plasma levels of corticosterone. Leptin infusion prevented stress-induced de novo synthesis of CRF in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), which was measured using the intronic probe for CRF heteronuclear RNA. The induction of the type 1 CRF receptor (CRF(1)R) in the PVN and supraoptic nucleus in running rats was also significantly blunted by leptin. In contrast, leptin treatment strongly increased the expression of type 2 CRF receptor (CRF(2)R) in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH). The present results suggest that subchronic elevation of central levels of leptin blunts treadmill running-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through the inhibition of activation of the CRFergic PVN neurons, and potentially enhances the anorectic CRF effects via the stimulation of expression of CRF(2)R in the VMH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".