Optical and electrochemical properties of ethynylaniline derivatives of phenothiazine, phenothiazine-5-oxide and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three phenothiazine (PTZ) derivatives with varying degrees of sulfur oxidation states were synthesized as strong electron donors. The thioether, sulfoxide and sulfone PTZ-derivatives exhibited irreversible oxidation at 0.19 V, 0.29 V and 0.31 V versus ferrocene, respectively. Each PTZ derivative was emissive with lifetimes of 1.7 ns, 0.5 ns, and 0.5 ns and absolute quantum yields of 0.32, 0.23 and 0.23 for the thioether, sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives, respectively. Furthermore, these PTZ derivatives showed very large Stokes shifts ranging from 5600 cm(-1) to 2800 cm(-1). Calculations using DFT and TD-DFT methods resulted in an optimized ground state and the excited state geometries of the PTZ derivatives that compared favourably to experimental optical and electrochemical data. DFT calculations revealed that these butterfly shaped derivatives flatten upon excitation and this effect is greatest for the thioether PTZ derivative, resulting in the large Stokes shift. These potent electron donor systems also displayed electrochromic behaviour upon oxidation, which was attributed to a delocalized cation over the phenothiazine core and the appended ethynyl anilines. The electrochemically oxidized species had a wide absorption profile spanning from 300 nm to past 800 nm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".