US of the Pediatric Female Pelvis: A Clinical Perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When investigating pelvic pathologic conditions in female pediatric patients, one needs to be aware of the developmental changes that take place around puberty. The prepubertal uterus is thin, with a fundus equal in size to the cervix. Owing to the hormonal stimulation of puberty, the uterus enlarges and the fundus becomes prominent. The ovaries are demonstrated with ultrasonography (US) at all ages. Ovarian volume increases after 6 years of age. Microcystic follicles are normally seen throughout childhood. US is the modality of choice for imaging the pediatric female pelvis. The main indications for pelvic US in the pediatric age group are pubertal precocity or pubertal delay, pelvic pain or pelvic masses, and ambiguous genitalia. Vaginal bleeding in the prepubertal child can be due to a vaginal foreign body, vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma, or precocious puberty. Common causes of primary amenorrhea in teenagers include gonadal dysgenesis (Turner syndrome) and müllerian (uterovaginal) anomalies. Pelvic pain or pelvic masses in pediatric patients can be due to ovarian torsion, hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, pelvic inflammatory disease, or ectopic pregnancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".