Development of a model describing modulus of elasticity across environmental and stand density gradients in plantation-grown Pinus radiata within New Zealand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modulus of elasticity (E) is an important property in plantation grown softwoods that describes resistance of timber to deformation under load and is a key criterion in machine stress grading. This paper presents an accurate (R2 = 0.96) site-level model of E for radiata pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) that is applicable across a wide range of tree ages and broad environmental gradients and sensitive to a wide variation in stand density. In the final model, E increased sigmoidally with age and increased linearly with both stem slenderness (height/diameter at 1.4 m) and mean minimum autumn air temperature. For a given age, the model shows stem slenderness to be the main determinant of environmental variation in E, with variation in E ranging approximately 10 GPa across the range in slenderness. Given the simple formulation, this model could be readily used by managers to gain greater understanding of how they can manipulate stands to achieve desired end-use products and maximize crop value. Further research should extend the developed framework so that it can be used to account for intratree, intertree, and clonal variation in E.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".