A Nonlinear Disturbance Observer for Multivariable Systems and Its Application to Magnetic Bearing Systems
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper proposes a new nonlinear-disturbance observer for multivariable minimum-phase systems with arbitrary relative degrees. The model uncertainties and the system nonlinearities are treated as disturbances. The estimation of individual disturbances is independent of each other and the derivatives of the disturbances can be independently estimated. The proposed formulation is inspired by the variable structure-control method and adaptive algorithms where the a priori information concerning the upper bounds of the disturbances and their derivatives is not required. The nonlinear-disturbance observer is robust to the types of disturbances. Stability analysis shows that the estimation error decreases exponentially to a steady value, which is determined by the design parameters. To illustrate the method, the proposed design is applied to a vertical-shaft magnetic-bearing system where the rotational disturbances and their derivatives are estimated based on a linearized model of the rotational motion. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it