Circulation of Mumps Virus Genotypes in Spain from 1996 to 2007
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although the WHO recommends the use of genotyping as a tool for epidemiological surveillance for mumps, limited data on mumps virus (MV) genotype circulation that may be used to trace the patterns of virus spread are available. We describe the first complete series of data from Spain. The small hydrophobic region was sequenced from 237 MV-positive samples from several regions of Spain collected between 1996 and 2007. Six different genotypes were identified: A, C, D (D1), G (G1, G2), H (H1, H2), and J. Genotype H1 was predominant during the epidemic that occurred from 1999 to 2003 but was replaced by genotype G1 as the dominant genotype in the epidemic that occurred from 2005 to 2007. The same genotype G1 strain caused concomitant outbreaks in different parts of the world (the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom). The remaining genotypes (genotypes A, C, D, and J) appeared in sporadic cases or small limited outbreaks. This pattern of circulation seems to reflect continuous viral circulation at the national level, despite the high rates of vaccine coverage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".