Energy and Environmental Impacts of Urban Buses and Passenger Cars–Comparative Analysis of Sensitivity to Driving Conditions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A methodology is suggested for a comparative analysis of energy and environmental impacts of various urban transport modes. A total emission indicator is used as a tool for integral assessment of vehicle emissions. An environmental impact factor is suggested in order to compare between the various transport modes that use different energy sources. Vehicle occupancy values, yielding equality of the specific environmental impact factors and specific energy consumption of the compared transport modes are used for the analysis purposes. This methodology is applied for a comparison between the buses and the passenger cars at various levels of service, road gradients and urban road types. The comparison results reveal that the environmental impact of the bus for driving at an urban access road falls below the one of the passenger car when the bus occupancy is 14–18 persons. Urban buses turn out to be energetically beneficial over passenger cars at occupancy values substantially lower compared with those providing a similar environmental impact.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it