Incidence and Physiological Consequences of Decompression in Smallmouth Bass after Live‐Release Angling Tournaments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Decompression can be an important problem for fish that are rapidly brought to the surface. The main objectives of this study were to (1) examine the incidence of external signs of decompression in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu after live‐release angling tournaments on lakes with different depths, (2) determine the physiological changes in smallmouth bass that exhibit external decompression signs, and (3) identify the best methodological approaches for evaluating this type of disturbance. Our results indicate that decompression does not cause problems for smallmouth bass when tournaments are held on relatively shallow lakes. However, when tournament anglers have access to deep water (>5 m), significant numbers of smallmouth bass may exhibit decompression signs after these events. Decompression signs include swim bladder overinflation, increased plasma lactate, and increased activity of tissue enzymes in plasma. Tournament‐caught smallmouth bass exhibiting external signs of decompression also experience internal physiological changes, including significant elevations in the plasma levels of intracellular enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]; enzyme number 1.1.1.27; creatine phosphokinase [CPK]; 2.7.3.2; and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]; 2.6.1.1), red blood cell lysis, and a larger anaerobic disturbance after the weigh‐in than observed in nondecompressed smallmouth bass. Additional laboratory experiments indicate that plasma AST activity may be the most useful indicator of the extent of tissue damage in decompressed smallmouth bass because it is highly correlated to plasma LDH and CPK levels but is not influenced by the blood sampling method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".