Volume of Foremilk, Hindmilk, and Total Milk Produced by Mothers of Very Preterm Infants Born at Less Than 28 Weeks of Gestation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe foremilk volume (milk produced in the first 3 minutes of pumping), hindmilk volume (remainder of milk produced), and total milk volume produced by mothers of very preterm infants at 3 weeks postpartum and associated factors. Mothers (n = 24) mechanically pump their breasts a median (minimum, maximum) of 7 times (5, 9 times) per 24 hours for a total of 15 minutes (9.4, 23.9 minutes) each time. Foremilk, hindmilk, and total milk volumes are 183 mL per 24 hours (80, 810), 318 mL per 24 hours (98, 1007), and 545 mL per 24 hours (224, 1817), respectively. Milk volumes are not associated with mother's age, race or ethnic background, education, parity, reported prepregnancy body mass index, previous breastfeeding experience, frequency of milk pumping, longest time between pumps, infant birth weight, or multiple births. The degree of pre-maturity (<26 weeks vs 26(0/7)-27(6/7) weeks) is significantly related to the relative proportion of foremilk/hindmilk volumes (45:55 vs 36:65, respectively).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".