Short-term Revegetation Performance on Gravel-dominated, Human-induced Disturbances, Churchill, Manitoba, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Churchill area has many examples of gravel-dominated, human-induced disturbances such as gravel pits and pads. These disturbances have occurred in a geographically small area with high biological diversity and detract from the aesthetics of this tourist destination. Eight treatments consisting of combinations of peat moss, seeding, fertilizer, snow fencing, and microrelief alteration were installed to improve the growth conditions on three gravel pits and two gravel pads ranging from predominantly tundra to predominantly boreal forest ecosystems. Plant-related assessments of the treatments (density, frequency, and cover) were made after the first and second growing seasons. Twenty-six species of plants were considered to be successful colonizers by at least one of the following criteria: >2% cover, >20% frequency, or >10 stems m−2. Androsace septentrionalis L., Carex L. spp., and Dryas integrifolia Vahl were the only taxa to meet all three criteria in both years. Differences related to the sites (i.e., seed bank, seed source, and substrate conditions) were greater than treatment differences. At three of the sites, seeded treatments had significantly more seedlings than the non-seeded treatments. These three sites were species-poor prior to revegetation testing and were dominated by the seeded species. The other two sites were dominated by species from the seed bank or from seed rain. Total seedling density on seeded plots increased by 17% compared to the controls while cover did not increase appreciably in the short term. Six native species were tested and three (Anemone multifida Poir., Hedysarum mackenzei Richards., and Linum lewisii Pursh) considered suitable for future use, adding to those tested by Firlotte (1998) in the Churchill region. It was determined that seed bank and potential for seed rain had a major influence on the success of seeding as opposed to substrate improvements alone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".