Blend Characteristics of Biodiesel Obtained from Four Virgin Tropical Seed Oils
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Four feedstocks comprising two non-edible oils (Telfairia occidentals Hook F, (TVO) and Hura crepitians L (HVO)) and two edible oils Cucumeropsis manii Naud (CSVO) and Canarium schweinfurthii Engl. (CVO) were studied for production of methyl esters (biodiesel). Base catalysis was used for the transesterification reaction with methanol at different oil/alcohol molar ratios (4:1, 6:1 and 9:1). Two catalyst types; KOH and NaOH were used. Reaction times of 5 and 30 mins; temperatures of 38 and 55 oC and a constant catalyst concentration of 1% wt/wt were employed. These process variables were used to achieve optimum biodiesel yields of 97%, (TVO and HVO); 94% and 96% (CSVO) and (CVO) respectively. Their viscosities ranged from 3.60–4.80 mm2/s and specific gravities from 0.87–0.88g/cm3. The specific gravities and viscosities of the blended biodiesel; B5, B10, B15 ranged from 0.960–0.930g/cm3 and B20, 1.620–1.650 g/cm3, the pour points ranged from -18 to -21. Water and sediments for all the blends were <= 0.05.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".