High rates of riboflavin deficiency in women of childbearing age in Cambodia and Canada (1041.12)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High rates of riboflavin deficiency in women of childbearing age in Cambodia and Canada Whitfield, KC 1 , McCann, A 2 , Karakochuk, C 1 , Talukder, A 3 , Ward, M 2 , McNulty, H 2 , McLean, J 1 , Green TJ 1 (1) Department of Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Canada (2) Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland (3) Helen Keller International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia As an integral component of the coenzymes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), riboflavin is essential for metabolic homeostasis. Limited evidence is available comparing riboflavin status among individuals from developed and developing countries. We conducted two cross‐sectional studies with apparently healthy non‐pregnant, non‐lactating women of childbearing age (20‐45y), on a representative sample from urban Phnom Penh (n=146) and rural Prey Veng (n=156), Cambodia, and a convenience sample of urban women in Vancouver, Canada (n=51). As a functional biomarker of riboflavin status, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (EGRac) was measured. Among Cambodian women, riboflavin deficiency (EGRac 蠅1.4) was prevalent (Prey Veng, 82%; Phnom Penh, 78%). Although a significantly higher proportion of Canadian women were riboflavin sufficient (EGRac 蠄1.3; p<0.001), 67% of Canadians had a suboptimal riboflavin status (EGRac >1.3). The data suggests suboptimal riboflavin status and deficiency may be widespread in both developed and developing countries and merits further investigation. Grant Funding Source : Supported by the University of British Columbia Vitamin Research Fund
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".