Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for the resorption of bone and other mineralized tissues. Whereas low concentrations of extracellular ATP stimulate osteoclast formation and resorptive activity, high concentrations inhibit osteoclast formation. Cell surface receptors for nucleotides are classified into two families—P2X (ligand‐gated channels nonselective for cations) and P2Y (G‐protein‐coupled receptors linked, in most cases, to release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores). Several subtypes of P2 receptors are expressed by mammalian osteoclasts. The P2X 4 receptor has been identified at both protein and messenger RNA levels and ATP activates a nonselective cation current with properties similar to that mediated by the cloned P2X 4 channel. The P2X 2 receptor is also expressed; however, currents with properties of P2X 2 have yet to be identified. Functional and expression studies also support the existence of the P2X 7 receptor, which is activated by high concentrations of ATP. Application of nucleotides to osteoclasts elicits transient elevation of cytosolic free Ca 2+ concentration and activation of Ca 2+ ‐dependent K + channels. Both these responses are mediated, at least in part, by release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores, consistent with the presence of functional P2Y receptors. Expression of P2Y 1 and P2Y 2 receptors has been demonstrated in mammalian osteoclasts. The presence of multiple subtypes of P2 receptors may account for the biphasic effects of extracellular nucleotides on osteoclast function. These receptors represent potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics to inhibit bone resorption in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, tumor‐induced osteolysis, and periodontitis. Drug Dev. Res. 53:130–139, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it