Subgrade stress ratios as airfield pavement rutting performance indicators
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rutting is a major distress in airport flexible pavements. Subgrade vertical strain criteria are used in many airport flexible pavement design procedures to consider the development of rutting. Several research studies have identified the limitations associated with these criteria. Design criteria based on subgrade stress ratios (SSRs) are being considered for evaluating subgrade rutting in airport flexible pavements. In this paper, the SSRs based on measured vertical subgrade stresses are related to surface rutting in flexible pavements subjected to repeated trafficking of Boeing 777 and 747 simulated test gears at the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF). The results indicated overstressing of the subgrade in two test sections, and this was confirmed by trench study results. A good correlation was obtained between the SSRs and the surface rut depths, supporting the validity of developing SSR-based rutting transfer functions for airport flexible pavements serving the next generation of aircraft.Key words: rutting, subgrade stress ratio (SSR), National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF), pressure cell (PC), new generation aircraft, airport flexible pavement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".