Bibliographic record
Abstract
The earliest recorded efforts to create a group representing recreation and parks practitioners in Canada occurred in 1913 at the annual meeting of the National Council of Women of Canada (NCW). The convenor of the NCW's Committee on Vacation Schools and Supervised Playgrounds reported that there was very high support for the "advisability of forming a National Canadian Playground Association " (NCW, 1913, p. 44) and that petitions had been sent to "several Provincial Legislatures requesting the establishment of departments in Normal Schools for the training of playground teachers and supervisors to meet distinctive Canadian needs " (NCW, 1913, p. 45). Thus began the professionalization of leisure services in Canada. Using models of professionalization by Sessoms (1991) and Burton (1982), this paper explores the efforts of various groups in Canada between 1913 and 1950 to build a profession in which there would be both education of the members and advocacy to promote the importance of the field. The groups included the National Council of Women
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.022 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".