Distribution of oxygen, sulfides and optimum temperature for sulfate reduction in Antarctic marine sediments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract: Measurements were made of sediment characteristics, benthic microbial activity and optimum temperature for sulfate reduction at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. There was little evidence to support any seasonal variation in oxygen penetra− tion of surface sediments. Oxygen penetrated to only 1.5 to 3 mm throughout the year, de− spite bioturbation from a dense amphipod population. The distribution of acid volatile sul− fides increased with depth below 1 cm and above this, surface sediments were lighter in col− our and contained fewer sulfides. The rates of sulfate reduction increased during winter un− der sea−ice cover, and remained high after ice break up. Seasonal water temperature was relatively constant between –1.8 and 0.5C. Optimum temperature for anaerobic sediment respiration was investigated using different substrates and was found to be in the range 17–27C, suggesting that sulfate reducing bacteria are psychrotolerant as they were inhibited by low temperatures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".