The outcome of non-operative treatment for undisplaced patellar fractures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
he objective of this study is to assess both clinical and radiological out come of non-operative treatment of none displaced patellar fractures. As the treatment of none displaced patellar fractures remain controversial, a question weather prophylactic surgery is indicated and what is the functional outcome of non-operative management were asked and answered in this study. Undisplaced patellar fractures can be safely and effectively managed none operatively with good outcome results. Data were collected by retrospectively reviewing all files and roentgenograms of patients with patellar fracture treated none operatively at McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada from 1999 to 2003. This information was obtained from the trauma database of McGill University Health Center Records. The criteria applied for sample collection are patellar fracture with less than 3mm step and intact extensor mechanism. Exclusion criteria include patellar fractures with more than 3 mm step in the articular cartilage, open fractures, ligaments injury, pathological bone, and preprosthetic fractures. The outcome of the treatment was recorded as healed fracture with no further displacement radiologically and asymptomatic functioning knee clinically. Other relevant information, namely age, gender, mechanism of injury and follow up period were collected. Twenty-eight patients were extracted from the database, however, only 18 of these patients fulfilled the selection criteria. All of them had clinical and radiological assessment. Ten patients (2 pathological, 3 preprosthetic, 2 failed conservative treatment and 3 lost for follow up) were eliminated from the study. Patients demographic data, 8 (44.4%) males, 10 (55.6%) females, age (20-90 years) mean of 58 years, 15 patients (83%) independent and 3 (17%) from a nursing home. Mechanism of injury included sports injury in 5 patients (27.7%), accident at home in 6 patients (33.3%), motor vehicle accident (MVA) in 4 patients (22.2%) and 3 (16.7%) patients in work injuries. All 18 patients were treated with immobilization (cast or brace) for 2 weeks and early physiotherapy. Follow up period ranged from 6-48 months with a mean of 24 months in which patient had documented clinical and radiological finding in the medical records. Radiological evaluation at 3 months showed no further displacement, osseous union were evident in 16 patients (Figures 1a & 1b), 2 patients developed fibrous union, which is asymptomatic. Clinically, 17 patients had no or mild pain and 16 patients had full range of motion and power documented in file notes both in clinical visit and physiotherapy notes. When called for evaluation in this study they were having full range of motion and normal power and we used the contra lateral (uninjured) knee to compare our finding. Patellar fractures
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".