Serum Neutrophıl Gelatınase-Assocıated Lıpocalın Levels in Patients with Non-Dipper Hypertension
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein belonging to the lipocalin superfamily and plays a role in atherosclerosis, renal injury and inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate serum NGAL concentrations in groups of patients with dipper and non-dipper hypertension (HT) and to characterize the relationship between NGAL concentration and circadian blood pressure in hypertensive patients. METHODS: A total of 41 (22 male, 19 female, mean age: 56.1 ±8.9 years) non-dipper HT patients, 40 (19 male, 21 female, mean age: 54.0 ±10.0 years) dipper HT patients and 42 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Dipper and non-dipper HT were diagnosed via ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Serum NGAL concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from blood samples obtained from patients. RESULTS: Serum NGAL concentrations were found to be significantly higher in the non-dipper and dipper HT patient groups in comparison with the control group (84.9 ±23.0 ng/ml and 62.1 ±17.8 vs. 46.6 ± 13.7 ng/ml, p <0.017, respectively). Moreover, serum NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in the non-dipper HT group in comparison with the dipper HT group (p<0.017). Serum NGAL concentration showed significant correlation with overall ambulatory BP levels both in non-dipper and dipper HP groups. CONCLUSION: Serum NGAL concentrations increased significantly in non-dipper HT patients in comparison with dipper HT patients and normotensive patients and show significant correlation with ambulatory BP levels. Serum NGAL concentration might be a useful marker in identifying HT patients with higher risk for cardiovascular mortality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".