Effects of Pollen Availability and Nosema Infection During the Spring on Division of Labor and Survival of Worker Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in temperate climates often deplete winter pollen stores because of intense brood rearing activity in the spring. Nutritional stress can be exacerbated by a simultaneous spring peak in the incidence of the mid-gut parasite Nosema apis Zander in workers. We examined the effect of pollen supply in colonies during the spring on longevity, in-hive behavior, and foraging patterns of Nosema-infected and uninfected workers. In eld colonies, pollen supplements did not offset the reduction in worker lifespan caused by inoculation with N. apis, a result that contradicts previous research that showed that increased access to pollen can improve the longevity of N. apisinoculated workers in cage trials. This discrepancy is likely related to differences in the activity of workers in colonies versus cages; surplus nutrients in colonies were allocated to increased brood rearing activity, which presumably diverted resources away from improving the performance of infected workers in colonies. Trends were reversed when workers were transferred to a common observation hive as adults after being reared in eld colonies with pollen supplements or limited pollen; pollen availability in the parental colony affected worker lifespan and the effects of N. apis status were negligible. Workers from colonies that had pollen-diet supplements lived longer, were more likely to be found in the brood area, and were more active on the comb than workers reared in colonies with less access to pollen. Pollen availability and inoculation status did not affect brood care behavior or foraging patterns.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it