A New Terthiophene‐Thienopyrrolodione Copolymer‐Based Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell with High Open‐Circuit Voltage
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A new semiconducting polymer based on terthiophene‐thienopyrrolodione alternating building blocks with a deep HOMO energy level (5.66 eV) is presented. The polymer is prepared by a direct heteroarylation polycondensation reaction, which is a low‐cost and green alternative to the standard Stille coupling reaction and thus avoids any use of toxic stannyl derivatives. Integrating the polymer into bulk heterojunction solar cells with [6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) leads to a PCE of over 6% and a high open‐circuit voltage of up to 0.94 V. To obtain these results a unique processing additive, 1‐chloronaphthalene, is used, and a relatively low concentration of [70]PCBM is used in the blend solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".