Creation, destruction, and transfer of atomic multipole moments by electron scattering: relativistic treatment<sup>1</sup>This article is part of a Special Issue on the 10th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have obtained expressions for the creation, destruction, and transfer of atomic multipole moments by electron scattering under relativistic conditions. More specifically, we have obtained separate expressions for different-level processes (inelastic scattering) and for same-level processes (elastic and inelastic scattering). The cross sections for different-level processes are expressed in terms of inelastic magnetic sublevel cross sections, except for the coherence transfer cross section, which is expressed in terms of an angular integral of a product of inelastic magnetic sublevel amplitudes. The same-level cross sections are expressed in terms of the imaginary part of the elastic forward scattering amplitude and in terms of elastic scattering magnetic sublevel cross sections, except for the coherence transfer cross section, which is expressed in terms of the (complex) forward elastic scattering amplitudes and an angular integral of a product of elastic scattering magnetic sublevel amplitudes. If the collisional model supports the optical theorem, then the same-level cross sections can be rewritten in such a form that they are broken up into two parts: an elastic scattering part and an inelastic scattering part. In carrying out this work, we have used the density matrix formalism of Fano and Blum in combination with the electron scattering formalism of Gell-Mann and Goldberger.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".