Self-esteem and psychopathology in the children with Type 1 diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractAim. This study aims to evaluate psychiatric disorders and self-esteem in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM). Methods. The study enrolled 52 volunteer children aged between 8 and 12-years-old, who have been diagnosed with Type 1 DM, and “group with psychiatric disease” (PG) (n=28) and “healthy controls” (HC) (n=26) consisted of healthy controls who are age- and sex-matched with patient group. Sociodemographic data were obtained using standard sociodemographic data collection form. The children were administered semi-structured diagnostic interview (K-SADS-PL), Piers-Harris children's self-concept scale (PHCSCS) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Results. It was observed that 59.6% of the children with DM (n=31) still had at least one psychiatric disorder. It was seen that, in the diabetic group, HbA1C levels were higher in those with psychiatric disorder compared to those without it (p=0.024). It was found that self-esteem of the children in the group with psychiatric disorder was lower compared to both healthy counterparts (p=0.00) and the children with DM (p=0.005). It was found that the children in the group with psychiatric disorder had lower self-esteem compared to healthy counterparts. When self-concept of the children was examined, it was seen that there was a difference across the groups (p=0.02), which was attributed to more negative self-concepts of the children with DM compared to healthy counterparts (p=0.04). In the children with DM, it was seen that interpersonal relation problems were seen in a wider range of areas. Conclusion. It is seen that, in the children with Type I DM, self-concept was more negative compared to healthy children, that problems in relation were seen in a wider range of areas and that the presence of a psychiatric disease increased HbA1C levels. These results suggest that psychiatric evaluation is required during the follow-up of the diabetic children, allowing the recognition and treatment of eventual psychopathologies and the prevention of the eventual complications that may develop in the future.Keywords: Type I Diabetes Mellitus, child, psychopathology, self-esteem ÖzetAmaç. Bu çalışmada Tip 1 Diyabetes Mellituslu (Tip 1 DM) çocuklarda psikiyatrik sorunlar ve benlik saygısının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem. Çalışmaya Tip 1 DM tanılı 8-12 yaş arasında 52 gönüllü çocuk ile sağlıklı gönüllülerden oluşan, hasta grubuyla yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş “psikiyatrik hastalığı olan grup” (PG) (n=28) ve “sağlıklı kontroller” (SK) (n=26) alındı. Sosyodemografik veriler standart sosyodemografik veri toplama formu ile elde edildi. Çocuklara yarı yapılandırılmış tanı görüşmesi (K-SADS-PL), Piers-Harris Çocuklarda Öz-Kavramı Ölçeği (PHÖKÖ), Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) uygulandı. Bulgular. DM’li çocukların %59,6’sında (n=31) en az bir psikiyatrik bozukluğun olduğu saptandı. Diabetik grupta psikiyatrik bozukluğu olanların HbA1C düzeylerinin olmayanlardan daha yüksek (p=0,024) olduğu görüldü. Psikiyatrik bozukluk grubundaki çocukların benlik saygılarının hem sağlıklı yaşıtlarından (p=0,00) hem de DM’lilerden (p=0,005) daha düşük olduğu saptandı. Çocukların öz kavramlarına bakıldığında ise gruplar arasında farklılık olduğu (p=0,02) ve bunun DM’li çocukların sağlıklı yaşıtlarına göre özkavramlarının daha olumsuz olmasına bağlı olduğu görüldü (p=0,04). DM’li çocuklarda kişilerarası ilişki sorunlarının daha yaygın alanlarda görüldüğü bulunmuştur. Sonuç. Tip I DM’li çocukların öz kavramlarının sağlıklı çocuklardan daha olumsuz olduğu, kişilerarası ilişki sorunlarının daha yaygın alanlarda görüldüğü ve psikiyatrik bir hastalık varlığında HbA1C düzeyini de arttığı görülmektedir. Bu sonuçlar diyabetli çocukların takipleri sırasında psikiyatrik değerlendirmenin yapılmasının gerekli olduğunu, böylece olası psikopatolojilerin tanınarak tedavisi edilmesi ve ileride gelişebilecek olası komplikasyonların önlenebileceğini düşündürmektedir.Anahtar sözcükler: Tip 1 Diyabetes Mellitus, çocuk, psikopatoloji, benlik saygısı
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".