Millimeter-Wave Synthesizer Based on Spectral Filtering of a Phase-Modulated Laser Using a Chirped FBG With Tunable Distributed Phase-Shifts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We demonstrate a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) synthesizer based on spectral filtering of the plusmn2 harmonics of a phase-modulated (PM) laser. Optical filters with narrow passband, good extinction ratio and tunable peak wavelengths are obtained by introducing distributed phase-shifts in a chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) using current-controlled heating elements. Detailed modeling and analysis of the filter is performed using the effective index model and coupled-mode theory. We present several optimization criteria to customize the grating design and two experimental configurations are tested. The more flexible approach is based on a fiber Mach-Zehnder structure with a tunable phase-shifted CFBG in each arm. We show generation of mm-wave from 33 GHz to 48 GHz, with a maximum frequency limited by the bandwidth of the photodetector.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".