The demography of recovery of an overexploited bull trout, <i>Salvelinus confluentus</i>, population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An exploited bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus, population experienced a 28-fold increase in adult density during a 10-year period from a minimum of 60 individuals. This demonstrates the extent to which this population was overharvested. Its ability to respond in fewer than two generations to the implementation of zero-harvest regulations suggests this population was growth-overfished not recruitment-overfished. Examination of stock–recruitment relationships of various life stages indicates that recovery of this population was regulated by the density-dependent survival of juveniles in the rearing creek. This compensatory response occurred between egg deposition and age-1 and regulated the number of fish recruiting into the adult population. A second population bottleneck became apparent later in the recovery process when density-dependent survival of the adult population resulted in its approach to an asymptote, highlighting the necessity of long-term data sets for examining these compensatory responses. Results from this study demonstrate the importance of understanding the influence of individual life stages on the ability of overexploited populations such as threatened bull trout to recover and for their future management.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".