A 5.2-GHz BFSK Transceiver Using Injection-Locking and an On-Chip Antenna
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An integrated transceiver design suitable for short range wireless applications, such as RFID or the transmission of data from medical sensors, is presented. Fabricated in a standard 0.13-m CMOS process, the test chips include the transceiver, the integrated antenna, the phase-locked loop (PLL) loop filter and supply decoupling. The transmitter and receiver consist of PLLs operated in both closed- and open-loop modes. Initially closed, the transmit PLL phase locks an RF voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), the loop is subsequently opened and the VCO is modulated to yield an FM output signal that radiates directly from the tank inductor that doubles as the integrated antenna. The closed-loop receiver phase locks an RF VCO which, in open-loop mode, is injection locked to the incoming FM signal and the PLL components serve to demodulate the signal. Averaged transmit and receive power consumptions are less than 1.1 mW, enabling on-chip ultracapacitors to serve as the power source. When one chip communicates using the on-chip antenna to another chip connected to an off-chip patch antenna the communication range is 1.8 m at 5 kb/s. The communication range can be increased at the expense of the data rate, or by using off-chip antennas with both chips.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".